Geophysical methods are always used in mineral, petroleum, engineering, hydrology and archeology explorations and provide valuable results that combine these results with geology to determine the optimal points for drilling. This saves time and money on exploration. Today, with the advancement of technology and the invention of the computer, the accuracy of geophysical methods has increased and this method provides very valuable results to experts by using computer calculations and reverse modeling methods. In Exploratory Geophysics Geophysicists use a variety of methods to identify shallow layers of the earth to explore the earth's energy and mineral resources. Design and implementation of geophysical operations is one of the main functions of the Earth Sciences Company and by using advanced equipment and experienced experts, dozens of geophysical projects have been carried out by this company throughout the country.
In geophysical explorations, some of the most important physical properties of the earth are measured by special tools and by interpreting the obtained results, the underground conditions are concluded. The properties of rocks that are measured in geophysical explorations usually include elasticity, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, density, magnetic properties, and radioactivity. In geophysical explorations, we usually look for an anomaly or, in other words, a deviation from the uniform geological characteristics. Sudden changes in material type, collisions with a fault or crushed area, or aquifers can be considered anomalies of natural conditions. The geophysical method used varies depending on the material of the exploratory target. For example, gravimetric methods are used to explore high-density metals such as chromite. Magnetic methods are used in the exploration of iron ores whose minerals have magnetic properties. Induction polarization (IP) method is also used in the exploration of sulfide base metals that are dispersed. The resistivity (RS) method is also commonly used in combination with induced polarization to identify conductive or aqueous zones. An example of the devices used in Arshin Zamin Koosha Company for various geophysical explorations can be seen here.
Aerial geophysics is one of the new technologies for exploratory-geological studies, which can be used to obtain valuable information about the hidden structures and masses of the earth's surface. Airborne geophysical surveys performed by aircraft or helicopter include measurements of changes in several physical parameters of the earth. The most important measurable parameters are conductivity, which is the inverse of resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, density, and accumulation of radioactive elements, including potassium, thorium, and uranium. Any change near the surface that causes measurable changes in these parameters indicates the practical applications of aerial geophysics. Geophysical explorations can be carried out in land, sea and air. In areas with a large area (more than one hundred thousand square kilometers), airborne methods are often used. Because these methods are performed much faster and more accurately. Aerial geophysics projects are of interest to the company and the company's experts are among the pioneers of aerial geophysics in the country.